A submersible pump is a type of pump that operates inside the fluid or environment it is designed to handle. The motor is mounted directly on the pump body. Since the submersible pump is in direct contact with the fluid, the motor is equipped according to specific technical features. One of these features is a waterproof casing. Additionally, the motor is filled with oil to prevent any liquid that could cause a short circuit from entering and to protect against damage. The oil in the pump prevents fluid from leaking inside and significantly reduces potential hazards. Connection points are designed to be airtight and watertight. The pump is insulated to ensure it is leak-proof.
One of the main advantages of submersible pumps is that they are designed to operate **without being affected by external factors.
Applications of Submersible Pumps
- Areas requiring water supply
- Irrigation and sprinkler systems
- Groundwater level monitoring and control
- Pressurizing clean or slightly dirty water in heat pump applications
- Decorative fountains and water features
- Small-diameter caissons or deep wells
- Tunnels
Internal Structure of Submersible Pumps
To understand how a submersible pump works, it is helpful to look at its operating principle. If you are using a well for drinking water or irrigation, you are likely using a submersible pump. One key feature of a submersible pump is that it is designed to operate fully submerged, which is why it is called “submersible.” It can also be referred to as a centrifugal pump, submersible electric pump, or bottom pump.
Submersible pumps are essential when existing water sources are insufficient or underground water needs to be extracted. They are reliable and economical, especially for drinking and utility water supply, and have a robust and long-lasting structure. They are crucial in irrigating gardens and agricultural areas, and in tourist areas, they provide a reliable solution to water supply problems.
Submersible pumps are suitable for deep wells and tunnels and can also be used for irrigation and water supply. Once activated, they can draw water from deep wells without needing to reach the very bottom. They can be installed about 2 meters above the well bottom. If the fluid temperature is around 30°C, the pump should be chosen accordingly. For example, submersible pumps used in pools or water tanks may require a cooling jacket.
A manometer is important for monitoring pump operation, and devices like voltmeters or ammeters are used to measure current and voltage. The sealed motor in a submersible pump rotates the impeller in the pump body, which accelerates the fluid and pushes it toward the discharge line. Submersible pumps cannot operate in air; they are designed to work fully underwater.
Troubleshooting Submersible Pumps
If your submersible pump cannot deliver adequate water flow, several reasons could be responsible:
- The discharge valve may be closed, or the discharge pipe may be damaged.
- The strainer at the suction inlet may be clogged.
- Low pumping height may indicate the well water level is too low.
Although submersible pumps are designed to be protected from external factors, precautionary measures should still be taken against possible leaks. Common submersible pump issues include:
- Pump or check valve blockage → Remove and repair the pump.
- Low pump speed → Check for low voltage or imbalance.
- Leakage in the plumbing → Conduct a thorough inspection.
- Broken shaft or coupling → Remove the pump and inspect/replace if needed.
- Faulty pressure switch → Check or adjust settings.
- Clogged impellers → Remove and inspect the pump.
- Thermal protection triggered → Clean suction strainer, pump elements, or check valve.
- Unusual noise → Check for blockages or damaged components.
Types of Submersible Pumps
Masdaf offers four types of submersible pumps: BRN Series, BRX Series, EnduroLite, and Enduro.
BRN Series
- Maintenance-free and ready to operate fully submerged.
- Quiet and vibration-free operation.
- Less prone to human error.
- Applications: Clean water pressurization, irrigation, sequential water supply, groundwater lowering, industrial use.
BRX Series
- Maintenance-free submersible pumps.
- Quiet and vibration-free.
- Similar applications to BRN Series.
EnduroLite
- ENDURO 50, 100, 150 Lite Series are single-phase electric pumps, easy to install, and operate automatically.
- Also used as float-controlled drainage pumps.
- Manufactured for 50 Hz and 60 Hz.
- Fluid temperature range: 0–30°C
- Protection class: IP68
- Insulation: CI.F, Cable length: 10 m
- Mechanical seal: Silicon/Silicon
Enduro
- Designed according to TS 12599 standard.
- Motor windings comply with TS 60085:2011 F-class insulation.
- Protection class: IP68 (TS 3033 EN 60529), available in 2, 4, or 6-pole asynchronous motors.
- Special impeller design allows for pumping different types of wastewater depending on the application.
- Manufactured using modern casting and production technologies.
- Liquid-proof measures applied to the motor housing and cable entry.
- Helical mechanical seal box protects the mechanical seal from solids in wastewater, ensuring long service life.
- Water leakage electrodes alert for early leaks.
- Thermistor protects the motor from overheating.
- Cables comply with TS EN 50525-2-21 (H07RN-F type), resistant to corrosive wastewater.